Cov hmoov tua hluav taws qhuav yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tua hluav taws ntau tshaj plaws vim lawv muaj peev xwm thiab ua tau zoo hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntau hom hluav taws. Cov tshuaj tua hluav taws no feem ntau yog siv rau cov hluav taws kub uas muaj cov khoom hluav taws xob (Class A), cov kua hluav taws xob (Class B), thiab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (Class C). Tus yuam sij rau lawv cov kev ua tau zoo yog nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj siv nyob rau hauv lub tua hluav taws, uas muaj peev xwm smother nplaim taws thiab inhibit cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas txhawb nqa hluav taws. Muaj ntau ntau hom tshuaj tua kab mob siv rau hauv cov hmoov qhuav qhuav, txhua qhov tsim nyog rau ntau hom hluav taws kub thiab hluav taws kub xav tau.
Cov tshuaj nquag siv rau hauv cov hmoov qhuav qhuavCov tshuaj tua hluav taws
Muaj ob hom tseem ceeb ntawm cov hmoov qhuav qhuav:zoo tib yam qhuav tshuaj hmoovthiabtshwj xeeb Class D hmoov. Cov tshuaj qhuav qhuav yog tsim rau chav A, B, thiab C hluav taws kub, thaum cov hmoov tshwj xeeb yog tsim los rau cov hluav taws kub hauv chav kawm D, uas muaj cov hlau combustible. Ntawm no yog ib qho kev tawg ntawm cov tshuaj feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv qhuav hmoov tua hluav taws:
Monoammonium Phosphate
Monoammonium phosphate yog ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv cov hmoov tua hluav taws qhuav. Tus neeg sawv cev no hu ua ib tugABC hmoovvim nws siv tau rau cov hluav taws kub Class A, B, thiab C. Monoammonium phosphate yog hmoov zoo, daj hmoov uas zoo tua hluav taws los ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm qhov hluav taws kub thiab tsim ib qho kev thaiv ntawm cov roj thiab cov pa.
Chav Kawm A Hluav Taws Xob:Monoammonium phosphate ua haujlwm los ntawm txheej cov khoom siv hluav taws kub thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tau txais cov pa oxygen, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau combustion.
Chav B Hluav Taws Xob:Cov hmoov kuj ua raws li tus neeg sawv cev smothering, txiav tawm cov pa oxygen thiab txwv tsis pub kev sib kis ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws kub.
Chav Kawm C Hluav Taws Xob:Raws li nws tsis yog-conductive, monoammonium phosphate tuaj yeem siv nyab xeeb ntawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob.
Vim nws txoj kev ua tau zoo ntawm ntau chav tua hluav taws, monoammonium phosphate tau siv dav hauv ntau qhov chaw, suav nrog tsev, chaw ua haujlwm, thiab tsheb. Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj qee qhov tsis zoo, xws li tawm hauv qhov seem uas tuaj yeem nyuaj rau kev ntxuav thiab ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium bicarbonate, feem ntau hu ua baking soda, yog lwm cov tshuaj siv dav hauv cov hmoov qhuav qhuav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau chav B thiab Class C hluav taws kub. Feem ntau hu uaBC hmoov, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tiv thaiv cov kua hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tab sis tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm Class A hluav taws kub.
Thaum tshav kub kub, sodium bicarbonate tso cov pa roj carbon dioxide, uas yuav pab ua kom cov nplaim taws. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov kua hluav taws xob, raws li CO₂ tso tawm pab tshem tawm cov pa oxygen nyob ib puag ncig hluav taws, txwv tsis pub cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tua cov nplaim taws. Vim tias nws cov khoom tsis zoo, sodium bicarbonate kuj tuaj yeem siv rau hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, muab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov nplaim taws tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws xob poob.
Sodium bicarbonate feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov hluav taws tua hluav taws uas npaj rau thaj chaw uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm Class B thiab Class C hluav taws kub, xws li hauv chav ua noj, chav kuaj, thiab chaw nres tsheb uas muaj cov kua hluav taws xob los yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Potassium Bicarbonate
Potassium bicarbonate, tseem hu uaNtshav-K, yog cov tshuaj qhuav tshwj xeeb rau cov hluav taws kub hauv chav B thiab C, zoo ib yam li sodium bicarbonate. Txawm li cas los xij, potassium bicarbonate muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li sodium bicarbonate ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws kub, vim nws muaj qhov nrawm nrawm dua. Cov tshuaj no yog siv nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb tua hluav taws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv industrial cheeb tsam uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws kub yog siab.
Vim nws qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov hluav taws kub hauv chav kawm B, cov poov tshuaj bicarbonate feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tua hluav taws siv nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas muaj roj, roj, thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob khaws cia lossis tuav. Zoo li sodium bicarbonate, poov tshuaj bicarbonate tsis yog-conductive, ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Nws ua li cas los xij, tawm ntawm qhov seem uas yuav tsum tau ntxuav tom qab.
Cov hmoov tshwj xeeb rau Chav D Hluav Taws Xob
Rau cov hluav taws kub hauv chav kawm D, uas suav nrog cov hlau uas muaj hluav taws xob xws li magnesium, titanium, potassium, thiab sodium, cov tshuaj qhuav qhuav tsis zoo. Hloov chaw, cov hluav taws kub no yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb Class D hmoov extinguishers. Cov hmoov no txawv nyob ntawm cov hlau tshwj xeeb thiab hom hluav taws kub tab sis feem ntau suav nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm zoo lisodium chloridethiabgraphite-raws li hmoov.
Sodium Chloride (Salt-raws li):Sodium chloride tsim cov khoom ua kom zoo dua cov hlau hlawv, uas pab nqus cua sov thiab ua kom cov nplaim taws.
Graphite hmoov:Graphite yog lwm tus neeg sawv cev siv hauv Chav D tua hluav taws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov hluav taws kub uas muaj lithium thiab cov hlau zoo sib xws. Nws muaj peev xwm nqus tau cov cua sov zoo heev, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas muaj cov hluav taws kub kub thiab tiv thaiv kev rov ua dua.
Class D hmoov yog tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov chaw soj nstuam, chaw tsim khoom, thiab lwm qhov chaw lag luam uas tswj cov hlau no. Tsis zoo li ABC hmoov, Class D cov neeg ua haujlwm tsuas yog tsim rau cov hluav taws kub hlau thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau lwm chav hluav taws.
Xaiv txoj cai qhuav hmoov Extinguisher
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hmoov qhuav qhuav feem ntau yog nyob ntawm kev xaiv cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov kev phom sij tshwj xeeb hauv thaj chaw. Qee qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb suav nrog:
ABC Extinguishers nrog Monoammonium Phosphate:Cov no tsim nyog rau lub hom phiaj dav dav hauv tsev, chaw ua haujlwm, thiab lwm qhov chaw uas muaj ntau chav kawm hluav taws. Lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov ntoo, ntawv, cov kua nplaum nplaum, thiab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, muab cov kev daws teeb meem rau cov teeb meem hluav taws kub.
BC Extinguishers nrog Sodium lossis Potassium Bicarbonate:Cov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws thiab zoo tagnrho rau cov cheeb tsam uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab dua ntawm cov kua hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, xws li cov chav ua lag luam, chaw nres tsheb, thiab cov chaw sim.
Class D Extinguishers nrog cov hmoov tshwj xeeb:Cov no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam uas ua haujlwm nrog cov hlau combustible, raws li lawv muab cov phiaj xwm kev xav tau rau cov hluav taws kub hlau.
